Smoke

Historical Context and Significance

Published in 1867, Ivan Turgenev's novel "Smoke" is an important work of 19th-century Russian literature. In this novel, Turgenev addresses themes related to political and social changes in Russia, while criticizing both conservative and radical movements of the time. The book reflects the author's disillusionment with political movements and his skepticism about the possibility of rapid reforms. "Smoke" also explores personal and societal conflicts, making it significant for understanding the cultural and historical context of Russia during that era. The novel's influence on culture lies in its deep analysis of human relationships and social issues, which remain relevant even today.