Being and Nothingness

Methodology and Conclusions

In «Being and Nothingness», Jean-Paul Sartre develops a phenomenological method of investigation, drawing on the works of Edmund Husserl and Martin Heidegger, but giving it a new direction associated with existentialism. Sartre analyzes the problems of existence and nothingness, describing human existence through its consciousness. He introduces the concept of 'lack of being', expressing the idea that consciousness is always directed towards what it does not have, and this striving for the unattainable becomes the driving force of existence. Sartre also explores the relationships between the 'self' and the 'other', problematizing questions of freedom, responsibility, and self-determination. In conclusion, he asserts that a person is free to choose their own existence and bears full responsibility for these choices, emphasizing the absolute freedom and isolation of the individual in the world.