The Year of the Death of Ricardo Reis

Historical Context and Significance

Published in 1984, José Saramago's novel «The Year of the Death of Ricardo Reis» is a significant work in Portuguese literature and world culture. The book delves into themes of identity, memory, and political instability, set in 1930s Lisbon during Salazar's dictatorship. The protagonist, Ricardo Reis, is one of Fernando Pessoa's heteronyms, emphasizing the complex relationship between reality and fiction. Saramago uses this character to explore the impact of fascism and authoritarianism on society and the individual. The novel also raises questions about the role of art and literature under political pressure. With its unique style and profound philosophical reflections, the book has significantly influenced the development of postmodern literature and cemented Saramago's reputation as one of the leading writers of the 20th century.