Physics

Methodology and Conclusions

In «Physics», Aristotle investigates the nature and principles of motion, change, and time using a methodology based on observation and logical analysis. He seeks to explain physical phenomena based on their causes and principles, introducing the concepts of matter and form, as well as the four causes: material, formal, efficient, and final. Aristotle considers motion as change occurring in space and time, asserting that understanding nature requires studying essences and their changes. He concludes that the nature of things is determined by their internal principles and purposes, and that motion and change are integral aspects of the physical world. Aristotle also introduces the concept of potentiality and actuality, explaining how things transition from a state of possibility to a state of reality. Overall, his work lays the groundwork for the further development of physics as a science, offering a systematic approach to studying natural phenomena.