On the Parts of Animals

Methodology and Conclusions

In «On the Parts of Animals», Aristotle employs an empirical methodology based on observation and comparative analysis of different animal species. He aims to classify animals by their anatomical and functional characteristics, exploring how various body parts contribute to life processes and adaptation to the environment. Aristotle examines the causal relationships between the structure and function of organs, introducing the concept of «natural purpose» (telos), which allows him to explain why certain structures develop in animals. Aristotle concludes that nature acts purposefully, and each body part has its intended function, reflecting harmony and order in the living world. He also emphasizes the importance of studying the diversity of forms and functions to understand the overall picture of life.